Electromagnetism or electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It generates light and energy, helps us navigate the North and South Pole, and protects the planet from the harmful rays of the sun. The Earth is a giant electromagnet itself!
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics, which studies the interactions between electric and magnetic fields. Both these fields are closely related to each other. In fact, they generate each other.
Any idea of how can Electricity Produce Magnetism?
When charges are at rest, they just form an electric field around themselves.
But if these charges move with the uniform velocity, there comes a change in the electric field and that change produces a magnetic field around these moving charges. As soon as the charges stop moving, the magnetic field disappears.
Strength of a magnetic field:
The strength of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the amount of current. The greater the current, the stronger will be the magnetic field.
Another aspect is the distance between two fields, where the magnetic field’s strength is inversely proportional to the distance from the electric field.
Let’s find out the direction of the magnetic field!
Right-Hand Thumb Rule:
For this, we will have to hold our hand like this
Our thumb should be pointing towards the direction of the flowing current, and our fingers will point towards the direction of the magnetic field.
If electricity creates magnetic field, then does magnetic field create electricity?
Yes! It does. We studied that change in the electric field produces current. So here, a magnetic force is used to bring a change in the electric field and it results in the flowing of electrons.
When a magnetic field is passed through a wire, it strikes the atom and forces its electron to leave the atom and become a free electron. As a result, several electrons are forced to move in one direction and produce an electron chain reaction. So these numbers of free electrons moving in one direction produces an electric current.
Here, if we move the magnet faster through the wire more current flows and vice versa.
Where does electric current flow?
When the magnetic field is crossed through the wire upwards, electrons move in one direction and when a magnetic field is crossed through the wire in the downward direction, electrons flow in the opposite direction.
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